查看“︁Drop Test”︁的源代码

==Drop Test==
跌落测试，产品跌落测试，模拟产品一些便携式产品、手持式产品、较轻便方便移动例如充电器产品，需要做跌落试验，评估<font color="red">'''跌落之后会不会造成安全事故'''</font>。

备注：不插电测试跌落

==UL1236 跌落要求==
31.3 Drop test

31.3.1 With reference to 31.1.4, each sample is to be dropped three times from a height of 3 feet (0.9 m)
to strike a concrete surface in the positions most likely to produce adverse results.

==UL1236 跌落判据==

UL1236里面，把ball impact和drop都叫 impact test

31 Impact Test
31.1 General
31.1.1 A battery charger shall be tested as described in 31.2 and 31.3 (see 31.1.2 – 31.1.4). Following the test, the battery charger shall:

a) Not permit a probe, as illustrated in Figure 8.1 and applied in accordance with 7.7.4, to contact an uninsulated live part that may involve a risk of electric shock or a moving part that may involve a risk of injury to persons; and

b) Comply with the Dielectric Voltage Withstand Test, Section 29, with the potential applied between live parts and accessible dead metal parts.

试验后实验指不能触及危险带电件和危险运动部件，耐压测试能过。

==IEC 60335-2-29 跌落要求==
21.101 Battery chargers, other than '''built-in battery chargers''', having a mass not exceeding 5 kg are subjected to the test free-fall - procedure 1, of IEC 60068-2-31, which is carried out on three appliances. 

The battery chargers are dropped from a height of 1 m, each appliance being dropped from a different position. 

After the test the battery chargers shall show no damage that could impair compliance with 8.1, 15.1.1, 16.3 and Clause 29.

小于5kg（除内置电池充电器）的电池充电器，应按照IEC 60068-2-31的程序进行自由落体试验，让电池充电器从1m的高度不同的可能位置掉落。

测试后，电池充电器不应显示任何可能损害EN 60335-1里面的8.1（防触电）、15.1.1（IP等级防水防尘）、16.3（耐压和接触电流）和第29条（电气间隙和爬电距离）规定。

==IEC 60335-2-29 跌落判据==


===8.1（IEC 60335-1 ）===
Protection against access to live parts

跌落后，防止接触带电部件，从而防止人触电。

8.1 Appliances shall be constructed and enclosed so that there is adequate protection against accidental contact with live parts.

Compliance is checked by inspection and by the tests of 8.1.1 to 8.1.3, as applicable, taking into account 8.1.4 and 8.1.5.

===15.1.1（IEC 60335-1 ）===

跌落后，防尘防水不要影响，例如，产品规格标识是IP2X就是用如下标准试验指检查（IEC标准基本都是一样的试验指，UL传统标准有UL的试验指）

[[文件:试验指头.jpg|759x407px|无框]]

所有符合安规标准的产品都是IP20，这是最基本的要求。所以，在此级别以上的才算防尘防水要求。

IP1X是手背不能进入，IP2X是试验指不能进入

IP3X是2.5mm试验针

IP1X是50mm开孔不能进入

IP2X是12.5mm开孔不能进入

IP3X是2.5mm

[[文件:Ip.jpg|723x525px|无框]]

===16.3 （IEC 60335-1 ）===

跌落后，不能影响耐压和接触电流。

16.3 Immediately after the test of 16.2, the insulation is subjected to a voltage having a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz for 1 min in accordance with IEC 61180-1. The values of the test voltage for different types of insulation are given in Table 7.

Accessible parts of insulating material are covered with metal foil.

NOTE 1 Care is to be taken that the metal foil is placed so that no flashover occurs at the edges of the insulation.

[[文件:Table 7 – Test voltages.jpg|727x361px|无框]]

16.2 live parts to accessible metal parts leakage current 

The leakage current shall not exceed the following values:
* for class II appliances and for parts of class II construction '''0,25 mA'''
* for class 0, class 0I and class III appliances '''0,5 mA'''
* for portable class I appliances '''0,75 mA'''
* for stationary class I motor-operated appliances '''3,5 mA'''
* for stationary class I heating appliances '''0,75 mA''' or '''0,75''' mA per kW '''rated power input''' of the appliance with a maximum of '''5 mA''', whichever is higher

===29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation===
29.1, 29.2 and 29.3 The distances specified in items 2a, 2c and 3 in Table 13 of IEC 61558-1 apply. 

For insulated winding wires complying with Subclause 19.12.3 of IEC 61558-1, there are no requirements for '''clearances''' or '''creepage distances'''. In addition, for windings providing '''reinforced insulation''', the distance specified in item 2c of Table 13 of IEC 61558-1 is not assessed. 

For '''isolating transformers''' subjected to periodic voltages with a frequency exceeding 30 kHz, the '''clearances''', '''creepage distances''' and '''solid insulation''' values specified in IEC 60664-4 are applicable, if these values are greater than the values specified in items 2a, 2c and 3 in Table 13 of IEC 61558-1.

跌落后，不能影响电气间隙、爬电距离以及耐压。

==IEC 62368 跌落要求==
IEC 62368-1:2018
4.4.3.3 Drop tests
The following equipment shall be subjected to the drop test of Clause T.7:
* '''hand-held''' equipment;
* '''direct plug-in''' equipment;
* '''transportable''' equipment;
* '''movable''' equipment requiring lifting or handling by an '''ordinary person''' as part of its intended use, including routine relocation;

NOTE An example of such equipment is a paper shredder that rests on a waste container that requires removal of the paper shredder to empty the container.

Desk-top equipment having a mass of 7 kg or less that is intended for use with any one of
the following:
* a cord-connected telephone handset; or
* another cord-connected hand-held accessory with an acoustic function; 
* or a headset.

小于7kg，且带有可插拔连接话筒、头戴耳机类似，容易绊倒人导致风险存在的小产品，就需要做跌落测试。

==IEC 62368 跌落方法==
T.7 Drop test
A sample of the complete equipment is subjected to three impacts that result from being dropped onto a horizontal surface in positions likely to produce the most adverse results.

The height of the drop shall be:

* 750 mm ± 10 mm for desk-top equipment and '''movable equipment'''; 
* 1000 mm ±10 mm for '''hand-held equipment''', '''direct plug-in equipment''' and '''transportable equipment'''; 
* 350 mm ± 10 mm for a part acting as a '''fire enclosure''' only of desk-top equipment and '''movable equipment'''; 
* 500 mm ± 10 mm for a part acting as a '''fire enclosure''' only of '''hand-held equipment''','''direct plug-in equipment''' and '''transportable equipment'''.

The horizontal surface consists of hardwood at least 13 mm thick, mounted on two layers of plywood each 18 mm ± 2 mm thick, all supported on a concrete or equivalent non-resilient floor.

水平面由至少13mm厚的硬木组成，安装在两层胶合板上，每层胶合板厚18mm±2mm，全部由混凝土或同等非弹性材料支撑地板。

==IEC 62368 跌落判据==
4.4.3.1 0 Compliance criteria

During and after the tests:
– except for PS3,
class 3 energy sources shall not become accessible to an ordinary person or to an instructed person; and

– glass shall:
* not break or crack; or
* not expel pieces of glass greater than 30 g in mass or greater than 50 mm in any dimension; or
* pass the fragmentation test of Clause T.10 on a separate test sample; and

– all other safeguards shall remain effective.

测试后不能使危险带电部件ES3，危险运动部件MS3，危险温度部件TS3，危险辐射RS3这些变成可触及。

PS3是跟起火有关的危险源，所以跟可触及没关系，其他的3类危险源是跟可触及有关的。简单讲超过100W的会有引起火的危险，就叫PS3。

只要外壳没碎，导致内部部件可触及就没问题。

==Discussion for Drop Test==
https://www.emc.wiki/thread-4254-1-1.html